ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ПОЧВ СУХОСТЕПНЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ ЕРЕЙМЕНТАУСКОГО РАЙОНА АКМОЛИНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54668/2789-6323-2026-121-1-133-144Ключевые слова:
тяжёлые металлы, сухостепная зона, Ерейментауский район, почва, деградацияАннотация
Данное исследование представляет собой долгосрочный сравнительный анализ морфологических и химических характеристик темно-каштановых солонцеватых почв сухостепной зоны Ерейментауского района Акмолинской области за период 1979–2024 гг. На основе архивных почвенных обследований и современных лабораторных данных оценены изменения содержания гумуса, pH, ионного состава и концентраций тяжёлых металлов. Применение геостатистического картографирования и технологий ГИС позволило выявить пространственные закономерности трансформации почвенного покрова. Результаты показали значительное снижение содержания органического вещества в верхних горизонтах, относительную стабильность pH в слабощелочном диапазоне, перераспределение обменных катионов и вертикальную миграцию микроэлементов, включая Pb и Cd. Несмотря на то, что концентрации тяжёлых металлов остаются ниже установленных предельно допустимых уровней, выявленные тенденции указывают на прогрессирующую деградацию и необходимость систематического мониторинга. Предложены рекомендации по устойчивому землепользованию с учётом региональных климатических и антропогенных факторов.
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